11.15 最简语法【解锁宾语从句4】三招得分精华：否定转移、时态、间接引语

主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,

fancy,guess等,

并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,

从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,

其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.

I don’t think （that) he will come to my party.（对）

而不能说成

I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, 

is he?

如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,

其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.

当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.

当主句为过去时，从句就会出现三种可能

①主句过去时+ 从句一般过去时或过去进行时

I only knew that he was studying in a western country,

but I didn’t know what country he was in.

He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea 

when he was in.

②主句过去时+从句过去完成

③主句过去时+从句谓语过去将来时

④若从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时，

则不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时 

老师昨天说月亮围着地球转.

老师告诉我们光传播的速度比声音快得多。    

概念：

当直接引语是特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时，

用原句中的疑问词做连接词，疑问语序改为陈述语序

“What do you want?” he asked me.   

→He asked me what I wanted.    

“你想要什么？”他问我。  

→他问我想要什么。

He asked her,“Where are you going?” 

→He asked her where she was going.

他问她：“你去哪儿”

→他问她她去哪儿。 

“How much have we spent on petrol this year?” 

Susan asked her husband.

→Susan asked her husband how much 

they had spent on petrol that year.

苏姗问她丈夫那一年在汽油上花了多少钱。