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据说,ETS拿9套老题拼出了今天的ABCD卷

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今天(3.25)的托福考试,最显著的特点就是,继续保持了同一场考试,多套试卷(ABCD)的方式,这是继3.4和3.11之后的连续第三次。我们不得不认为,之后可能要常态化。


同一场考试,多套试卷的目的是什么?很简单,反作弊。一是反考场内的抄袭,二是反利用时差进行考场内外的作弊。


这其实是好事。美国高校在这几年,其实已经非常反感中国大陆很多 “29+29+18+18” 之类的分数组合,并且采取了措施,一是到了美国之后要重新参加学校组织的考试,更有甚者,完全适应不了教学和课堂,最终被开除回国。


那ETS这种同一场考试,多套试卷的做法,对普通考生有影响吗?其实完全没有。既不会增加考试的难度,更不会增加考试的长度。


而且,甚至还有好处。为什么?因为ETS根本出不来那么多新题,所以多套试卷之后,它只能大量使用老题。比如今天的托福考试,重复情况如下:


  1. 阅读Cognitive Maps in Animals,重复2014-05-17大陆真题

  2. 阅读Southwest Agriculture,重复2014-06-28大陆真题

  3. 阅读Milankovitch Cycles and Glaciation,重复2014-05-24大陆真题,后来2014-12-28再次考到

  4. 阅读Soil Fertilization,重复2014-10-18大陆真题

  5. 阅读Earthquake Prediction,重复2015-05-30大陆真题

  6. 阅读Butterfly’s wing patterns and predator defense,重复2016-04-09大陆真题

  7. 听力海底噪音cavitation,重复2015-07-12大陆真题

  8. 听力纳米材料graphene,重复2015-06-14大陆真题


我们再把这些老题的日期凑到一起看看:2014-05-17,2014-05-24,2014-06-28,2014-10-18,2014-12-28,2015-05-30,2015-06-14,2015-07-12,2016-04-09


同一场考试日期,ETS为了防止作弊,拼凑了这么多套以前的考试题,你有何感想?


而实际上,因为我们一直坚持不懈的努力,这些真题我们早已还原,并在我们的课程中使用。当然,如果只是自己进行备考,是不可能用到这些真题的。这种拼题的形式,其实进一步提升了我们课程的有效性。


另外,还要再次重点提醒各位考生的是,今天的听力部分,和3.11托福考试一样,还是新加试。并且,新加试并不一定是第三个SECTION。如果你瞎做或者不做,那么你的听力分数将会巨低无比的。

 

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听力两篇讲座词汇和答案

今天华叔给各位对两篇听力讲座的答案。一篇是材料科学,一篇海洋生态学。先来第一篇,材料科学。各位先看这篇的重点词汇,如果2/3不认识,那将是极惨的。



好了,考了这篇的考生对一下答案。


  1. What is the main purpose of the lecture?
    To describe properties of a recently developed nanomaterial

  2. What similarity between graphene and diamond does the professor emphasize?
    Both have a simple atomic pattern.

  3. Why does the professor mention adhesive tape?
    To explain how the first sample of graphene was obtained

  4. What does the professor imply about silicon?
    Its usefulness for new electronics is limited.

  5. According to the professor, what problems must researchers solve before graphene can be used commercially?
    Click on 2 answers.
    How to mass-produce large sheets of graphene.
    How to regulate graphene’s electrical conductivity.

  6. Why does the professor say this?
    "Some scientists came up with the idea that a material like this could be used in a variety of ways, but others were skeptical, because, really, how do you make a sheet of material that's just one atom thick."
    To emphasize the difficulty of such a project

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第二篇听力讲座,海洋生态学。讲的是海底噪音,对于鲸鱼而言,最大的海底噪音,其实是轮船的桨叶(blade)的气泡形成(cavitation)和爆炸声。先来看这组词汇。



鼓足勇气,再来对这篇讲座答案。


  1. What is the main purpose of the lecture?
    To create awareness of a possible threat to many marine animals.

  2. What does the professor say about the sounds produced by marine animals?
    Click on 2 answers
    They are generally in the same frequency range as ship noise.
    They are used as a survival strategy by many species.

  3. Why does the professor ask students to imagine everyone in the classroom speaking at the same time?
    To illustrate a difficulty that some marine animals might experience.

  4. Why does the professor say about cavitation noise?
    Click on 2 answers
    It is produced by rapidly rotating propellers.
    It is main source of underwater sound pollution.

  5. The professor mentions steps that shipping companies could take to reduce noise. What does the professor imply about these steps?
    Some of them could save shipping companies money.

  6. What does the student mean when he says this: 
    "But it's not like you are gonna stop the ships to save the whales."
    The obvious solution to the problem is unlikely to occur.


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六篇阅读全部词汇题


Soil Fertilization
beneficial = helpful
rely = depend
twenty or so = roughly twenty


Earthquake Prediction
specified = typical
focused = concentrated
imminent = about to happen
refinement = improvement


Butterfly’s wing patterns and predator defense
virtually = almost completely
startled = surprised
disrupt = disturb
rudimentary = simple


Cognitive Maps in Animals
exhibit = display
compensates for = makes up for
crude = primitive


Southwest Agriculture
eventually = in the end
initially = first
adjacent = neighboring
dependable = reliable


Milankovitch Cycles and Glaciation
elaborated = developed
chronology = a list that pairs past events with dates
remarkably close = extremely close
initiates = begins


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综合写作回顾

阅读主要观点提取

总论点:在英国一个地区的土壤层中发现了小麦的痕迹。保存这些小麦的土壤是8000年前的,所以可以推测出这些土壤中的小麦也可能是8000年前的。但是,英国是从6000年前才开始种植小麦的。科学家试图用三种方法解释为什么最新发现的小麦比英国最初开始种植小麦的时间早了2000年。
解释一:该土壤中的小麦并不是8000年前的。土壤是一层一层形成的,早期的土壤会被后面的土壤覆盖。小麦有可能被海水冲刷到下层的土壤中。所以,英国8000年前的土壤中发现的小麦,可能比8000年前晚一些才有的。
解释二:与欧洲做交易得来的小麦。这些小麦可能是源于8000年前,但是并不是生长在英国。有可能是英国人乘船与欧洲大陆的人进行交易,购买了欧洲的小麦。
解释三:是英国本土种植的小麦。有可能英国种植小麦的历史更早些。英国8000年前的居民大部分是依靠狩猎和采集果实为生的人,其中一部分可能是农民。他们可能在英国广泛种植小麦之前,就可以开始种植小麦了。


听力主要观点提取

总论点:阅读中的每个解释都有问题。
驳论一:上层土壤中的植物被冲刷到下层土壤中,只有当土壤层十分松散才可以可能。但是英国最近刚被挖掘的那处土壤十分紧实(dense),上层土壤中的小麦不能被海水冲到下层土壤。并且,科研人员发现该地区土壤的上层土壤中有很多种类植物,并没有流入它下层的土壤中。
驳论二:8000年前,只有欧洲南部有农业种植。如果英国人想要到达欧洲南部,首先要抵达欧洲北部,然后再到欧洲南部。当时的航行条件是很差的,所以英国人不太可能长途跋涉到欧洲南部交易小麦。
驳论三:种植小麦会经历一个周期,这期间小麦会释放花粉,并在该区域传播。然而,科研人员在该区域并没有发现小麦的花粉。


学生满分范文

The speaker proposes that the three theories mentioned in the reading to explain the presence of wheat 2,000 years earlier than expected are all problematic.

First, the professor states that the theory of a dating mistake is unconvincing. If the plants in the upper layers of soil want to move to the lower layers, the layers of soil must be loosely packed. However, the site’s soil layers are very dense, leaving no space for wheat to move downward to the older layers. So it is not possible the newer and older soil layers mix together.

Second, the writer makes the point that the wheat was traded from Europe by the British hunter-gatherers. The professor refutes the idea by saying that it was very unlikely that the Britain would traveled far into Europe to trade for domesticated wheat. Farming was practiced in the southern part of Europe, far away from Britain. To arrival terminal, the British had to travel by boat to arrive in the northern Europe and then they had to traveled far to southern Europe. Accounting for the difficulty in traveling at that time, it is not likely that the British would travel so far to trade for wheat.

Finally, the professor presents that it is also unlikely that the early farmers grew wheat at the site. The reason is that farming wheat would go through a lifecycle including a reproductive pace. So growing wheat would release pollen spreading around the site. But the scientists did not find any pollen of domesticated plants at the site.


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独立写作解析

Question:

Which ONE of the following factors do you believe is most important in helping students succeed in their studies at college or university? Why?
-Having access at the university to tutors who can provide individual instruction for students who have difficulty with schoolwork.
-Having the support and encouragement of family and friends while attending university
-Receiving a high-quality education from excellent teachers while in high school

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Be sure to use your own words. Do not use memorized examples.


自2016年以来,托福独立写作有三个趋势,一是题目越来越长;二是三选一的题目逐渐成为一种新趋势;三是不断强调不允许使用背好的段子。


那么今天就针对这三个考试趋势,为大家提供简单的应对策略。


第一,是不是题目越长,难度越大呢?
回答是否定的。应对较长的题干,我们需要快速读题,并准确找到题干的关键词,如今天的考题中的关键词就是most、succeed in studies。第一个关键词most提醒我们只能选择一个,这样的题目我们就不要再用折中或者拆分法了。


第二个关键词succeed in studies,为我们形成思路服务,那么既然这道题是三选一的题目,它的难度就降低了,因为理由都已经给我们想好了,只需要我们进行比较而已。


第二,三选一的题怎么写?
第一个写法“PK法”。ABC三个选项,一一进行PK。
第二个写法“利弊分析法”。如果我选择A是最好的一种方法,那么我需要用一段至两段重点阐述A有哪两个优点。另外一段阐述BC各自的缺点。


第三,不允许用背好的段子,怎么破?
独立写作,归根结底还是需要学生有能力对一些社会热点问题进行思考,并阐述清楚。所以,背好的段子有可能会让你在短时间取得还不错的成绩,可是当ETS开始查重,一大批学生就懵了。所以,我们还是需要回归写作的本质,好好学习如何解题,形成自己的思路,这是我们必修的内功。再加上充足的词汇量、好的句型、名人名言的积累,写作能力才能得到质的提升。


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口语TASK6解析

讲座要点总结

这是一篇商业学讲座,它围绕无纸办公室(paperless office)的两个优劣展开话题。
 
第一,无纸办公室可以帮助缩减租用的办公室空间(cut back on the amount of office space they rent),以此来省钱。之前,纸质文献需要放在成排的档案柜里,占据了大量空间。但是现在,成千上万的电子文件可以储存在硬盘里,只占用了一点儿空间,避免了花大钱租用办公室。例如,教授的妹妹在一家律师事务所上班,需要保存所有客户的档案。现在,无纸办公室帮助他们规避了在写字楼租用多余的空间,省了一大笔钱。
 
第二,无纸办公室帮助员工更容易更快速地找到所需信息(access all information they need more easily and quickly)。之前,如果找一份纸质档案,员工需要走到档案柜,打开多个抽屉,挨个查看直到找到所需的文件,再走回办公桌。但是现在,员工会更容易更快速地找到所需的资料。例如,教授妹妹的办公室以电子形式储存文件,当客户打电话询问问题时,员工可以在电脑上查找文件,并快速在电话上回答问题。


讲座词汇总结

paperless office 无纸办公室;cut 缩减;space 空间;law firm 律师事务所;file 文件;client 客户;paper document 纸质文献;employee 员工;filing cabinet 档案柜;drawer 抽屉;rent 租用;store 储存;extra 额外的;save money 省钱;office building 办公楼


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托福真题集训营(10天)

托福真题集训营,是华华托福工作室最具特色,最具口碑的课程,也是市面上独一无二的课程。自从2014年开班以来,我们的真题集训对应了每一个考试日期,考生只需根据考试日期准确选择对应的班级即可。我们每一期真题集训都是根据考试规律,准确选择10-15套托福真题进行高强度的分项训练和高水平的讲解。每一期托福集训的讲和练的比例是1:1,讲和练不断向前推进,学员的水平和状态会被锤炼到最佳,考试中也会发挥出最佳的水平和状态。所有的班级都对应准确的考试日期,根据考试日期选择班级即可。

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全封闭住宿直通车(30天)

直通车(30天)是3期集训(10天)连上,但因为有连续性,效果会更好,也就是说,1+1+1>3。直通车的学费比3期集训加在一起要低,但是却包含上课期间所有食宿费用,每晚还有住宿老师管理生活和作息。这个班如果你75分进来,基本可以考100+,85分进来,可以冲刺110+。外地学员来北京一趟不易,一次学习时间长一些,把托福过了,北京的学员也可以闭关一个月,把托福拿下,剩下来的时间就可以做更多有益的事。


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